Clayton College of Natural Health: Be Wary of the School and Its Graduates

Clayton College of Natural Health:
Be Wary of the School and Its Graduates

Stephen Barrett, M.D.

Many nonaccredited correspondence schools issue "degrees" and certificates which suggest that the recipient is a qualified expert who can provide rational advice about nutrition or health care. These documents are promoted as though they are equivalent in meaning to established credentials—which they are not. One of the most prolific is the Clayton College of Natural Health (CCNH), of Birmingham, Alabama, which offers home-study courses leading to "degrees" and "certificates" in "natural health," traditional naturopathy, "holistic nutrition" and related subjects. CCNH says it is "the world's leading college of natural health" with over 25,000 graduates. This article explains why I recommend avoiding both the school and its alumni.

Background History

According to 2003 version of the CCNH Web site:

In the late 1970s Lloyd Clayton, Jr., N.D., who had recovered his own health through natural healing, established an eco-friendly herb company. Soon, his new company was inundated by customer inquiries regarding herbs and how to use them. Delighted to discover such strong worldwide interest in natural health, he and family members created two distance learning colleges in 1980: The Clayton School of Natural Healing and American Holistic College of Nutrition. Coming together in 1997 as Clayton College of Natural Health, the school now offers college degree programs in traditional naturopathy, natural health, holistic nutrition, continuing education for graduates, certificate programs in herbal studies, healthcare professional studies, and iridology, and concentration programs in herbology, iridology, and nutrition and lifestyles [1].

Application packets I collected in 1983, 1985, 1989, 1991, and 1995 provide additional details. During the early1980s, the school was called "Dr. Clayton's School of Natural Healing" and the credentials offered were "a beautiful hand lettered diploma displaying your training as NUTRITIONAL CONSULTANT, MASTER IRIDOLOGIST, MASTER HERBOLOGIST." The tuition was $800 for the nutrition consultant course and $425 for either of the other courses. A brochure stated that Clayton had received his doctor of naturopathy degree in 1978 and was a "specialist in herbology and massage."

By 1985, the school was called "The Clayton School of Natural Healing," the catalog offered a "Doctor of Naturopathy" program, and Clayton's product line had expanded to include homeopathic products and vitamin and mineral formulas. In 1985, East/West Journal reported that the tuition was $695 for a 100-hour course [2]. In 1991, the school offered "Doctor of Holistic Health" and "Doctor of Science" Programs. By this time, tuition for the "Doctor of Naturopathy" program had risen to $1,735 with a $300 discount if the entire amount was paid in advance. The application form in the packets from 1983 through 1991 was a single page that asked nothing about previous education. The only apparent requirements for admission were a name, an address, and payment of tuition.

The 1995 catalog stated that the Clayton School of Natural Healing and the American Holistic College of Nutrition had been "brought together as part of the American College of Natural Health." By this time, the catalog had expanded to 48 pages and offered bachelor, master's, and doctoral programs leading to eight different degrees, with tuition ranging from $1,435 for the Master of Science in Natural Health to $4,485 for a B.S./M.S./doctoral program. Unlike previous versions, the catalog was printed on high-quality paper and the application form asked about educational and work experiences.

Each packet I received was accompanied by a list of "Dr. Clayton's" herbal products. Over the years, the product line gradually expanded to include homeopathic as well as vitamin and mineral products. The "Wellness Guide" on the current Dr. Clayton's Naturals Web site contains a table of "remedies" to explain the intended purposes of the products. The targeted ailments include acne, asthma, candidiasis, fibromyalgia, infection, kidney stones, hepatitis, impotence, parasites, and dozens of other health concerns. I have asked the FDA to investigate whether these claims are legal.

In 2003, CCNH tuition fees for the "degree" programs ranged from $3,500 to $8,800, with discounts available for prepayment.

Meaningless "Accreditation"

Accreditation constitutes public recognition that an educational program meets the administrative, organizational, and financial criteria of a recognized agency. In the United States, educational standards for schools are set by a network of agencies approved by the U.S. Office of Education (USOE) or the Council on Recognition of Postsecondary Accreditation (CORPA). USOE or CORPA do not accredit individual schools, but they approve the national and regional agencies that do so. Almost all such agencies are voluntary and nongovernmental. Nonaccredited schools offering health-related instruction almost always advocate unscientific concepts. Moreover, is not possible to learn to properly care for patients without lengthy supervised experience with patients, which most nonaccredited schools, including Clayton, do not offer. Clayton states that it is accredited by the American Association of Drugless Practitioners and the American Naturopathic Medical Accreditation Board. However, these are not recognized by the U.S. Secretary of Education, which means that "accreditation" by them is meaningless.

In 1998, an official of the Oregon Office of Degree Authorization concluded that Clayton's naturopathy graduates would not be eligible for licensure in Oregon [3]. During the course of its investigation, the department acquired four diplomas issued to one "graduate" (Joyce M. Randrup) during a 14-month period. Randrup's "Doctor of Naturopathy" diploma was dated January 25, 1988, and her B.S., M.S., and Ph.D. diplomas were all dated March 28, 1989.

In 2008, Alabama, which has been a haven for substandard schools, began implementing a new rule that private, degree granting, post-secondary educational institutions must be accredited by a recognized agency. As of October 1, this requirement applies to any such institution that applies for initial licensure or renewal [4]. Clayton's license expires on December 1, 2008. If the rule is enforced, Clayton will have to stop issuing "degrees."

Unscientific Teachings

CCNH's courses have included instruction in "alternative" cancer treatments, aromatherapy, "the ayurvedic approach," Bach Flower remedies, biochemical individuality, spectro-chrome (color) therapy, detoxification, enzymatic nutritional therapy, fasting techniques, homeopathy, imaginal healing, iridology, psychodietetics, reflexology, therapeutic touch, and "methods for determining your own optimal supplement levels." I have not reviewed the actual course materials, but all of these methods involve irrational theories and methods. The nature of CCNH's teachings is also reflected in the brazen claims of its graduates. Here are a few examples of people who have listed one or more "degrees" from Clayton or the American Holistic College of Nutrition:

Hulda Clark, author of The Cure for All Cancers and The Cure for All Disease, is an unlicensed naturopath who claims that all cancers, AIDS, and many other diseases are caused by “parasites, toxins, and pollutants” and that she can cure them with herbs and a low-voltage electrical device, sometimes within hours. Most of her patient contact has been at a clinic in Tijuana, Mexico. Clark claims to be doing research but has never had a paper published in a medical journal [5]. Her naturopathic degree is from Clayton.
Gillian McKeith, author of You Are What You Eat and Living Foods for Health, is a television commentator and sees patients at her McKeith Research Centre in London, England. A booklet she wrote states that she "conducts clinical research, publishes findings, and treats illness through comprehensive biochemistry" and "believes that most disease can be eradicated with the proper application of a natural and nutritional approach." [6] She also operates McKeith Research Ltd., which markets "organic living food supplements." [7] From 2002 to 2004, one of her Web sites described her as "the world's top nutritionist" and stated that she had "spent several years" training for master's and doctorate degrees in holistic nutrition from the American Holistic College of Nutrition. Like Clark, McKeith has never reported any research in a medical journal.
Bill Misner, director of research and product development for Hammer Nutrition, lists "Ph.D. (High Honors) & M.S. (Honors) Holistic Nutrition."
Amy Yasko, who does business as Holistic Health International and the Neurological Research Institute in Bethel, Maine, includes ND and NHD from CCNH among the six credentials listed in her resumé. Her special interest is in treating autistic children. One of her Web sites claims that using natural herbs and medicines, she has has been able to "halt and in most cases have reversed the effects of chronic adult inflammatory diseases including ALS, MS, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, SLE, Myasthenia gravis, heart disease, sarcoidosis and polymyalgia rheumatica, among others."[8]
Robert O. Young, author of The pH Miracle, The pH Miracle for Diabetes, and The pH Miracle for Weight Loss, claims that health and weight control depend primarily on proper balance between an alkaline and acid environment that can be optimized by eating certain foods. These claims are false [9].Young offers educational retreats that include a private blood cell analysis and "nutritional consultation" at his 45-acre estate in Valley Center, California. In 1996, under a plea bargain, Young pleaded guilty to a misdemeanor charge of attempted practice of medicine without a license and was promised that the charge would be dismissed if he stayed out of trouble for 18 months. Young claimed that he had looked at blood samples from two women and simply gave them nutritional advice [10]. The blood test he advocates (live-cell analysis) has no scientific validity [11]. Young's "credentials" include doctoral degrees in nutrition, science, and naturopathy from the American Holistic College of Nutrition. His Web site claims that he "has been widely recognized as one of the top research scientists in the world," and his book states that he "has gained national recognition for his research into diabetes, cancer, leukemia, and AIDS." Yet he, too, has had nothing published in a recognized scientific journal.

The Bottom Line

CCNH does have one potentially valuable aspect. Its credentials are a reliable sign of someone not to consult for advice.

References

A natural birth. CCNH Web site, archived April 19, 2003.
Miller BW. Natural healing through naturopathy. East/West Journal 15(12):55-59, 1985.
Young DA. Letter to William S. Fishburne III, Feb 12, 1998.
Guidelines for policy 720.01: Private school licensure in Alabama. Revised 2008.
Barrett S. The bizarre claims of Hulda Clark. Quackwatch, Nov 9, 2004.
McKeith G. Miracle Superfood: Wild Blue-Green Algae. Los Angeles: Keats Publishing, 1999.
About McKeith Research. McKeith Research Web site, accessed Aug 6, 2005.
Dr. Amy's message. Neurological Research Institute Web site, accessed October 16, 2008.
Mirkin G. Acid/alkaline theory of disease is nonsense. Quackwatch, Feb 6, 2003.
Herbalist in Alpine pleads guilty to reduced charge. Deseret News (Salt Lake City), Feb 5, 1996.
Barrett S. Live blood cell analysis: Another gimmick to sell you something. Quackwatch, Feb 23, 2005.

This article was revised on March 20, 2007.